ACH vs Wire Transfer — When to Use Which?
For non-US developers, the US domestic transfer system can be confusing. From an API perspective, there are fundamental differences between ACH (Automated Clearing House) and Wire transfers.
Technical & Operational Comparison
Feature |
ACH Transfer |
Wire Transfer |
|---|---|---|
Settlement Time |
1-3 business days (Same-Day ACH is available but depends on cut-offs). |
Real-time (usually settles within minutes or hours on the same day). |
Reversibility |
Reversible within 60 days (e.g., for fraud or incorrect amounts). |
Final and non-reversible (except for extremely rare bank technical errors). |
Limits & Fees |
Usually free. Ideal for mass payouts and payroll. |
Carries a fee (around $15-$30). Ideal for large or urgent transactions. |
Cut-off Time |
Batch dependent (often around 1 PM EST). |
Typically before 3 PM EST for same-day processing. |
API Payload Comparison
When making a request to POST /api/v1/account/{account_id}/transactions, the main difference is the paymentMethod parameter.
ACH Payload Example:
{
"recipientId": "rec_123456789",
"amount": 500.00,
"paymentMethod": "ach",
"idempotencyKey": "ach-inv-001"
}
Wire Payload Example:
{
"recipientId": "rec_987654321",
"amount": 50000.00,
"paymentMethod": "wire",
"idempotencyKey": "wire-inv-001"
}
Tip
Do not use Wire for micro-transactions, as the fees will eat into your margins. Always use an idempotencyKey to prevent duplicate transactions during network timeouts.